Abstract
THE MONGOLS IN THE BOOK ''SUBH AL-ASHA FI SINAAT AL- INSHA'' BY AL-QALQASHANDI (D. 821 AH/1418 AD)
Several historians have shed light on the history of the Mongols and what they contained in various news and narratives, including political, military, economic, and social. One of these, through the diversity of his skills and sciences, being a diversified scientific encyclopedia, traveling between the folds of science and drawing from its sources, reinforcing that by classifying several books in the various sciences that he mastered and strived to study and teach. Al-Qalqashandi (D. 821 AH/1418 AD)discussed in his book ''Subh Al-Asha fi sinaat Al-insha'' the narrations he collected about the Mongols in various aspects of their political, social, military, and administrative history, as well as his reference to historical narrations about their origins. He also dealt in detail with the most important regions and countries that were subject to their authority and their most important administrative and economic organizations. It is worth noting that Al-Qalqashandi transmitted a number of his narrations from several historians who lived in the court of the Mongols or who lived with them according to his conviction of the validity and accuracy of their information, as he was successful in employing them according to their historical sequence.
Keywords
Tribes, China, Bukhara, Judges, Kingdom, Ministers.
